(1927-1936) founded in 1927 by Benjamín Palencia and Alberto Sánchez with the purpose of renewing Spanish art in line with what was happening elsewhere in Europe. Landscape became the main subject matter of this school, albeit a highly sober landscape influenced by Hispanic primitivism, fauvist colour, a surrealist approach and cubist order. The starting point was the arid, barren land on the outskirts of Madrid in the direction of Toledo, stripped of any superfluous object and worked with economic brushwork and a palette of earthy tones. This take on landscape straddled tradition and modernism. The School of Vallecas disbanded with the outbreak of the Civil War, although it was the only school to rise from its ashes, reborn in the Second School of Vallecas (1939-1942).

(1927-1936) founded in 1927 by Benjamín Palencia and Alberto Sánchez with the purpose of renewing Spanish art in line with what was happening elsewhere in Europe. Landscape became the main subject matter of this school, albeit a highly sober landscape influenced by Hispanic primitivism, fauvist colour, a surrealist approach and cubist order. The starting point was the arid, barren land on the outskirts of Madrid in the direction of Toledo, stripped of any superfluous object and worked with economic brushwork and a palette of earthy tones. This take on landscape straddled tradition and modernism. The School of Vallecas disbanded with the outbreak of the Civil War, although it was the only school to rise from its ashes, reborn in the Second School of Vallecas (1939-1942).

a group founded in 1966 in Vitoria, made up by the artists Carmelo Ortiz de Elgea (1944), Juan Mieg (1938), Joaquín Fraile (1930-1998), Jesús Echevarría (1916-2009) and Alberto Schommer (1928-2015). The group championed the creation of a Basque art that would take into account international contributions and the main art movements of the time. These practitioners aspired to a revolutionary renewal of the art made in the Basque Country, considering it totally obsolete and neglected by public and private institutions. In that sense, they defended a totally experimental art, grounded in absolute freedom and creativity but at the same time totally rooted in the deepest Basque popular tradition.

An art movement that emerged at the same time in the United Kingdom and the United States in the mid-twentieth century, as a reaction against Abstract Expressionism. The movement drew its inspiration from the aesthetics of comics and advertising, and functioned as a critique of consumerism and the capitalist society of its time. Its greatest exponents are Richard Hamilton (1922-2011) in England and Andy Warhol (1928-1987) in the United States.