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https://www.coleccionbbva.com/es/pintura/35564-cristo-de-la-piedad-con-santas/
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pintura
24860
14346
https://www.coleccionbbva.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/35564_museo2-1.jpg
Anonymous
Christ of Piety with Saints
late 15th century-early 16th century
oil on board
195 x 81.5 x 12 cm
Inv. no. 35564
BBVA Collection Spain
A predella from an altarpiece consisting of five panels embedded in a gilded late Gothic crested relief work, with ornamental vegetal and creeping thistle motifs. The panels are divided by profusely decorated thin pilasters supporting ogee arches with ornaments based on pendant thistles crowned with identical motifs, which are worked with small interlinked arches in the centre.
In the central compartment, a Suffering Christ (
Christus Patiens
) is seen in his tomb attended by two angels with melancholic expressions. Apart from the evident thematic centrality, his position also responds to a strictly functional liturgical motivation, for it was the painting placed immediately next to the altar in front of which the priest officiated the rite of the Eucharist during mass. Left to right we see
St Barbara
usually depicted holding a tower in one hand, the palm branch of her martyrdom in the other and wearing a crown on her head. The tower has three windows open, symbolising the saint’s veneration of the Holy Trinity.
, St Anne and the Virgin Mary,
St Catherine
usually seen wearing a crown (in allusion to her royal origin), with a book in her hand (an allusion to her science), the sword of her beheading and the palm branch of her martyrdom. Other attributes are the wheel and the ring alluding to her mystical marriage.
and
St Margaret
her main attribute is the dragon tied or lying at her feet, and she is depicted holding a Bible or a crucifix in her hand.
, all of them solemnly represented with their iconographic attributes, depicted frontally or turning slightly to one side, standing out against a stone balustrade and a landscape in the background which includes trees to add to the symmetry and to further accentuate the feeling of space.
St Catherine
usually seen wearing a crown (in allusion to her royal origin), with a book in her hand (an allusion to her science), the sword of her beheading and the palm branch of her martyrdom. Other attributes are the wheel and the ring alluding to her mystical marriage.
is often represented in conjunction with
St Barbara
usually depicted holding a tower in one hand, the palm branch of her martyrdom in the other and wearing a crown on her head. The tower has three windows open, symbolising the saint’s veneration of the Holy Trinity.
and
St Margaret
her main attribute is the dragon tied or lying at her feet, and she is depicted holding a Bible or a crucifix in her hand.
, as in the case of this predella. As far as St Anne and the Virgin Mary are concerned, we ought to highlight the greater iconic role played by the former, covered with a white headdress, over the figure of the Virgin Mary, a reduced and infantilised carving that contrasts with the figure of her mother.
All the characters have golden halos, decorated using a
burin
the basic engraving tool, a burin is used to engrave on a perfectly smooth metal plate, or on a wood block when used in the woodcut process. It essentially consists of a tempered steel rod with a square, triangular or lozenge-shaped cross section. The cutting edge of the rod is bezelled at an angle while the other end is set diagonally into a wooden mushroom-shaped handle. Varying kinds of cross sections in the cutting edge are used to obtain different types of engraved lines.
, except Christ’s halo which contains a cross. The clothes are depicted with rich elaborate fabrics, instilling life into the composition with their bright colours.
In the second half of the 15
th
century Aragonese painters gradually incorporated the naturalism of Northern Germanic and Flemish painting, known for its great formal elegance and in which the use of oil painting was already widespread at the end of the century. The landscape in the background is also reminiscent of the northern landscapes characteristic of Flemish painting.
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